https://aeon.co/essays/the-study-of-the-mind-needs-a-copernican-shift-in-perspective

∞ “First, behaviour under more ecologically realistic conditions violated key assumptions about the causal relation between activity in particular neurons (eg, sensory, motor, integrative) and certain behaviours (forward and reverse locomotion, feeding) derived from genetic knock-out studies. On the contrary, a single behaviour might be induced by several different neural circuits. Moreover, one circuit’s starting point might result in different – even opposing – behaviours in different circumstances. In short, a single wiring diagram represented more potential behaviour than originally assumed.

Second, context and the organism’s internal state proved much more important to behaviour than initially thought. Context and internal state are believed to be signalled by molecules – neuromodulators and their smaller cousins, neuropeptides – although precisely how is unclear. These signalling molecules, many of which are produced by neurons themselves, can alter neural function from seconds to minutes to hours; interact with different targets (other neurons, muscle cells, glands); and activate or silence entire circuits. C elegans produces more than 100 such molecules.”

— infraheard

ref: https://aeon.co/essays/the-study-of-the-mind-needs-a-copernican-shift-in-perspective?fbclid=IwAR3x-n3FDzMZFtW7GWZDc9zejwbkOopXqj-oAAdkSEzzUetkkW1p-E_yWKY